充放电控制山东太阳能路灯厂家分享

太(tai)阳能(neng)(neng)路灯都是以自然(ran)光(guang)线的(de)弱来控制照明灯具的(de)开关，这(zhei)些光(guang)控太(tai)阳能(neng)(neng)照明系(xi)(xi)统(tong)的(de)优(you)化设计(ji)是系(xi)(xi)统(tong)长(zhang)期运行的(de)前提。系(xi)(xi)统(tong)容量(liang)可以根据当地的(de)地理位置、气(qi)象条件(jian)和(he)(he)负载状况做出优(you)化设计(ji)。但是由于季(ji)节因素，冬天(tian)(tian)(tian)太(tai)阳要比(bi)夏天(tian)(tian)(tian)少，太(tai)阳电(dian)池阵冬天(tian)(tian)(tian)产生的(de)电(dian)量(liang)比(bi)夏天(tian)(tian)(tian)少，可是冬天(tian)(tian)(tian)需要照明的(de)电(dian)量(liang)却比(bi)夏天(tian)(tian)(tian)多，从而使照明系(xi)(xi)统(tong)的(de)发电(dian)量(liang)与需电(dian)量(liang)形成反差，依(yi)然(ran)平衡(heng)月发电(dian)量(liang)盈余和(he)(he)耗电(dian)量(liang)亏(kui)损。

为了照明(ming)系(xi)统(tong)发(fa)电量的(de)利用(yong)(yong)率(lv)，克(ke)服系(xi)统(tong)缺(que)电带来的(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足，在(zai)(zai)太阳能照明(ming)系(xi)统(tong)的(de)发(fa)展中，人(ren)们(men)不(bu)(bu)(bu)断的(de)对照明(ming)系(xi)统(tong)常用(yong)(yong)的(de)控制模式进(jin)行(xing)分(fen)(fen)析，设计(ji)实际可行(xing)的(de)工作模式，同时(shi)光源(yuan)也在(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)断的(de)新换代中，蓄电池的(de)充电模式也在(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)断的(de)研究探索(suo)中利用(yong)(yong)率(lv)越来越高，因此在(zai)(zai)太阳能各个组成部(bu)分(fen)(fen)的(de)发(fa)展和协(xie)调(diao)中，太阳能照明(ming)系(xi)统(tong)正在(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)断地趋于(yu)完善。

根据太阳能路灯(deng)系统的(de)特点，路灯(deng)运行要兼(jian)顾(gu)蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)剩余容(rong)量(liang)的(de)影响。当路灯(deng)正常(chang)开启时(shi)，根据蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)剩余容(rong)量(liang)检测法得到当前(qian)蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量(liang)，通过(guo)查询后(hou)得到蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)将要维持(chi)的(de)供电(dian)(dian)时(shi)间，平(ping)均(jun)使(shi)用蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)现(xian)有电(dian)(dian)量(liang)，同(tong)时(shi)根据当晚可使(shi)用的(de)蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)电(dian)(dian)量(liang)对(dui)路灯(deng)照(zhao)明(ming)式活控制，合理使(shi)用蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)现(xian)有电(dian)(dian)量(liang)。

蓄电池充放电控制功能

蓄(xu)电(dian)池充放(fang)(fang)电(dian)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)是整(zheng)个系(xi)统的(de)功能(neng)，它影响整(zheng)个太阳能(neng)路(lu)(lu)灯系(xi)统的(de)运行效率，还能(neng)蓄(xu)电(dian)池组的(de)过充电(dian)和(he)(he)过放(fang)(fang)电(dian)。蓄(xu)电(dian)池的(de)过充电(dian)或过放(fang)(fang)电(dian)对(dui)其(qi)X能(neng)和(he)(he)寿命有严重影响。充放(fang)(fang)电(dian)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)功能(neng)，按控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)式可分为开关控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(含(han)单路(lu)(lu)和(he)(he)多路(lu)(lu)开关控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi))型(xing)和(he)(he)脉(mai)宽调制(zhi)(zhi)(PWM)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(含(han)大功率跟踪(zong)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi))型(xing)。

开(kai)关控(kong)制型(xing)中的开(kai)关器(qi)(qi)件，可以(yi)是继电(dian)器(qi)(qi)，也可以(yi)是MOS晶体管。脉(mai)(mai)宽调制(PWM)控(kong)制型(xing)只能MOS晶体管作为(wei)其开(kai)关器(qi)(qi)件。本系统采用脉(mai)(mai)宽调制控(kong)制器(qi)(qi)式(shi)，并(bing)MOS晶体管作为(wei)开(kai)关器(qi)(qi)件。当白天(tian)晴天(tian)的情(qing)况下，根(gen)据(ju)蓄电(dian)池的剩(sheng)余容量(liang)，选择相(xiang)应的占空比式(shi)向(xiang)蓄电(dian)池充电(dian)，力求(qiu)充电(dian);夜间根(gen)据(ju)蓄电(dian)池的剩(sheng)余容量(liang)及未(wei)来的天(tian)气情(qing)况，通过调整占空比式(shi)进而调节LED灯亮度，以(yi)均(jun)衡合(he)理使用蓄电(dian)池。

此外系统(tong)还具(ju)有(you)对蓄电(dian)池(chi)(chi)过充(chong)的保护(hu)(hu)功能，即充(chong)电(dian)电(dian)压高于(yu)保护(hu)(hu)电(dian)压(V)时(shi)，自动调低(di)蓄电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的充(chong)电(dian)电(dian)压;此后当电(dian)压掉至维护(hu)(hu)电(dian)压(.V)时(shi)，蓄电(dian)池(chi)(chi)进(jin)(jin)入(ru)浮(fu)充(chong)状态，当低(di)于(yu)维护(hu)(hu)电(dian)压(. V)后浮(fu)充(chong)关(guan)(guan)闭，进(jin)(jin)入(ru)均充(chong)状态。当蓄电(dian)池(chi)(chi)电(dian)压低(di)于(yu)保护(hu)(hu)电(dian)压(V)时(shi)，控制器自动关(guan)(guan)闭负载(zai)开(kai)关(guan)(guan)以保护(hu)(hu)蓄电(dian)池(chi)(chi)不(bu)受损坏。通过PWM式充(chong)电(dian)，既可使太阳(yang)能电(dian)池(chi)(chi)板发挥大，又了系统(tong)的充(chong)电(dian)效(xiao)率。本(ben)设计(ji)对蓄电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的反接、过充(chong)，过放具(ju)有(you)相(xiang)应保护(hu)(hu)措施。

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